Dr. Zakir Naik discusses Karbala and calls it a political difference between the sahaba e karam. He was severely criticized for his comments on Yazid. However most Sunnis leaders have supported the brilliant authority on Islam. There is an overwhelming body of evidence that has been presented to support his point of view–which is prevalent among most Muslims.
Dr. Zakir Naik repeats his praise and authenticates it with support from all major centers of Sunni learning in India and Pakistan.
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http://www.iiu.edu.my/deed/hadith/muslim/010_smt.html
Book 10, Number 3852:
According to Quran and Prophet s.a.w all Sahabas are trustworthy. Allah says He is happy with them and they are happy with me (no exception)
“Allah is well pleased with them and they are pleased with Him. He has prepared for them Gardens under which rivers flow, to dwell therein forever. That is supreme success” (Quran: 9:100)
The will of Amir. Muawiyah
In his will Muawiyah[ra] advised Yazid to deal with people of Iraq with caution as they are troublesome. He should not hesitate to frequently change governor if they so desire. The people of Hijaz should be dealt, with utmost courtesy.
Regarding Hussain[ra] Muawiyah[ra] advised that in case the people of Iraq try to gain his support in creating trouble and if he is over powered he should be treated with compassion and respect. Regarding Abdullah Bin Zubair he advised that no compassion should be shown to him. On 22 Rajab 60 hijrah [680 CE] Hz. Muawiyah[ra] breathed his last.
Muawiyah[ra] great success in restoring the unity and prestige of the Ummah was mainly due to his sincerity of purpose and his extraordinary qualities. He was clear headed, libral, good tempered and political genius. He had quallity of for-bearance and prudent mildness by which he tried to disarm the enemy, and his absolute self-control made him endure all circumstances and the master of any situation.
YAZID
After death of Muawiyah, people from various provinces accepted Yazid as Khalifah and took bai’at, Yazid diverted his attention to places where the bai’at was not yet completed. The Khalifah ordered the Governor of Medina to take bai’at from, Abdullah Bin Zubair, Abdullah Bin Umar and Hussain Bin Ali[ra]
Evening of 27th of Rajab the governor called the dignitiaries of Medina. Hussain[ra] sent word that he will take oath of allegiance next mornning in presence of the public but same night he left for Makkah. Similarly Abdullah Bin Zubair[ra] also left for Makkah and took residence in the Haram. Abdullah Bin Umar[ra] sent word that when all the others will take bai’at he will also follow suit. Later he and Abdullah Bin Abbas[ra] to the oath of allegiance.
In Makkah people of Kufa continued to keep contact with Hussain [ra] and letters started comming in large numbers pressing him to come to Kufa and assuring him their full co-operation. Abdullah Bin Zubair[ra] realizing that Hussain[ra] stay in Makkah wouold be dangerous for his future plans advised him to proceed to Kufa.
When Khalilfah recieved reports from Medina, he sent a letter to Abdullah Bin Abbas[ra] who was a senior member of the family of Huaain[ra] requesting him to prevent Hussain[ra] from taking any step which will create discord in the Ummah. On reciept of the letter Abdullah Bin Abbas[ra] sent reply to the Khalifah informing himthat he would suitably advise Hussain[ra] and that hopefully Hussain[ra] will not take any undesirable step.
Hussain[ra] stayed in Makkah for over four months. During all the time letter and delegations continued to come from Iraq. The official wee aware of it and kept Khalifah informed but the attitude of the Khallifah was soft. The Iraqies were not stopped from visiting Hussain[ra].
Hussain[ra] could not decide to go. Out of 17 sons of Ali[ra] only five were with Hussain[ra]. The remainning brothers including Muhammad Bin Hanifiyah[rta] did not support Hussian[ra]‘s favourable response to the rebellion of Iraq. Outside the family also no one was in support of his intended move.
Siege of Constantinople 49 to 59 Hijra [669 to 679 CE]
In the year 48 hijra when the Byzantines emperor Constantine was murdered, it was Hz. Muawiyah [ra] turn to take advantage of the situation. He made rpeparations and organized a two pronged attack, one from the land and other from the sea. He got 1700 war ships constructed. Cyprus was already conquered. The other small Islands near Greece was conquered. Cyprus was used as the Naval base. With these preparations the muslims fleet started. There was no opposition when the Muslim fleet sailed through Dardanelles. Thus the muslims Laid siege of Constantinope, Hz Muawiyah[ra] sent another force by land under the commad or his son Yazid Bin Muawiyah. The siege lasted for more then seven years.
This was the first campaign by the Muslims to occupy Constantinople. The Prophet[saw] had given the good tiding of paradise who took part in the campaign. Abdullah Bin Zubair[ra], Abdullah Bin Abbas[ra], Hussain Bin Ali[ra], and other distinguished Muslims Joined the campaign under the banner of Yazid Bin Muawiyah.
Hussain[ra] sent his cousin Muslim Bin Aqeel to kufa to ascertain the real position and secure support or him. Muslim on arrival inKufa secretly started to take oath of allegiance on behalf if Hussain[ra]. In history this was the first occasion of taking oath secretly. In initial stage Muslim met with some success and he sent a signal to Hussain to proceed. Hussain[ra] accordingly left Makkah for Kufa on 8th of Zil-Hajj. About 60 person from Kufa and about 12 members of his family including ladies and children accompanied him.
When Muslim reached Kufa the Governor of Kufa was Nu’man Bin Baasheer. As he could not control the situation the Khallifah removed him and placed Ubaidullah Bin Ziad [right hand man of Hz. Ali(ra) who fought along side him in battle of Camel] Governor of Basra in additional charge. Ubaidullah Bin Ziad adopted stringent policy and arrested Hani Bin Urwah who was host to Muslim. When Muslim Bin Aqeel collected his supporters and tried to free Hani Bin Urwah, He was arrested and killed. Before he was killed Muslim requested Umar Bin saad to inform Hussain[ra] of actual situation and to advise him to return. The message was accordingly communicated to Hussain at Al Qar’s. Hussain realizing the futility of proceeding to Kufa turned towards Damascus. The people of Kufa who were with him insisted he should proceed to Kufa butr he refused. Hussain[ra] reached Karbala, which is on the way to Damascus.
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Ubaidullah bin Ziad deputed Umar Bin Sa’ad to Hussain[ra] for peace talks. In the first round of talks Hussain[ra] agreed to take oath of allegiance. Ubaidullah bin Ziad sent a small army to have an eye on the people of Kufa who were likely to create trouble, On the way Hur bin Yazid met Hussain[ra] with any army and insisted that he should go to Kufa. When he refused the people of Kufa demanded their letters written to him should be returned to them. Hussain[ra] refused. The Kufites at this time played the same mischief that they had played earlier at the battle of Jumal.
On the one hand they attacked women tent where the bags containing the letters were kept and set fire to the tents and on the other attacked the army sent by Ubaidullah bin Ziad. In confusion thus created, Hussain[ra] with his male family members was killed. The army of ibn Ziad fought in defence which is evident from the fact that 88 persons from his army were killed against 72 from Hussain’s[ra] party.
According to Tabari this unfortunate and avoidable incidence occured on 22nd Safar 61 Hijra [680 CE]. In 352 Hijra [963 CE] Mu’izud Dowlah Dailami[after 291 years] laid foundation of mass mourning and fixed the date as 10th of Moharram.
According to Imam Ghazali” The person who entertain the idea that Yazid had given orders to Kill Hussainis a fool. The details of this incidence cannot be fully ascertained as the facts are shrouded by narrow mindedness.”
The fact that Ali Bin Hissain[Zainul Abedin] who survived the massacre took oath of allegence at Damascus, throw light on the intentions and position takey by Hussain at the later stage. More over no one did implicate Yazid or his officials in the murder of Hussain. Even Abdullah bin Zubair who was rival claiment made several allegations against Yazid but even he did not accuse him of killing Hussain.
Battle of Harrah
Under their influence some people of Medina revolted against the Khalifa and abondond the oath of allegiance. They arrested the amir of Medina and the supporters of the Khalif, including the members of Banu Umayyah. The Khalif, sent a force under the command of Muslim Bin Uqba Al-Marri. On arrival he allowed a period of three days and declared that if the people surrender to the authority and abondond revolt he will forgive them otherwise he will not hesitate to crush the revolt by force. The rioters ignored the ultimatum and after the expiry of the period clashes started. In the mean time respected people of Ansaar allowed the official force to enter the city. Most of the people of Medina were against the revolt. Thus the revolt was surppressed.
Muslim Bin Uqba Then proceeded to Makkah. On the way he died. Hussien Bin Numaair took over the command of the force. Abdull bin Zubair made preperation.
He was staying in the Harram and considered himself to be safe there. The rioter after losing ground in Medina came and gathered in Makkah. The Kharajites also came to Makkah. The confrontation started on 27th Muharram 64/683 and lasted about 35 days. During the siege Abdullah Bin Zubair had collected firewood which by accident caught fire and Kaba was also effected.
During the siege Yazeed died. The siege was lifted. Hussien bin Numair before returning met Abdullah Bin Zubair and invited him to visit Syria. He promised to help him. Abdullah Bin Zubair suspected him and declined. Hussein Bin Numair also Ali Bin Hussein at Medina and gave him the same offer. He also declined. Note: 1. Sahi Al-Bukhari Vol. P. 109.
ALLAH Says in Holy Quran:
“Muhammad is a Messenger of ALLAH, and those who are with him (Sahabah) are hard against the unbelievers and merciful among themselves, thou seest them bowing, prostrating, seeking bounty and pleasure of ALLAH, their mark is on their faces, being the trace of prostration. That is their likeness in the Torah and their likeness in the Gospel, as a seed that puts forth its shoot, then strengthens it, then it becomes stout, then it rises straight on its stalk, pleasing the sowers that, through them, He may enrage the unbelievers, ALLAH promises those, who believe and who, out of them, do righteous deeds, forgiveness and a big wage.” ( 29 : 48 ) Al-Quran.
Sayings of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w):
“In the later times, a group will appear, called as Rafidha/Raafzi. They will reject Islam”.
“A group will emerge soon who will abuse my Sahabah and endeavor to find faults in them. As such you should not keep their company, nor dine with them nor have marriage relationships with them from either side. You should not greet them either. The curse of Allah be upon them”.
“Fear Allah in every matter concerning my Companions. Do not make them the targets (of your criticism) after me. Whoever loves them loves them out of love for me, and whoever hated them hates them out of hate for me. Whoever troubles them has troubled me and whoever troubles me has troubled Allah; and whoever troubles Allah, it is imminent that ALLAH seize him” (Mishkat , Tirmidhi, 554.)
