Jaswant Singh recently had an epiphany. His “eureka moment” and four year research is useless. His version of events is taught in the 8th grade in Pakistan. The world already knew all this. Here is a different perspective on Pakistan.
THE THESIS: There was no “partition”
This is the map of the Indus Valley Civilization which existed 5000 years ago on the banks of the Indus. It was not Hindu. They buried their dead, wrote a non-Sanskirt pictographic language, ate beef, did not know the horse, wre not vegetarian, wrote right to left, did not know the horse (No Arjun), and did not worship any of the Hindu pantheon (Arjun, Agni, Mithra, Nag). This map shows the Indus Valley Civilization which traded with the Muslim Moses in Mesopotamia. Pakistan is the latst Muslim incarnation of the IVC. The Indus people banded together to live togther as they had lived together for thousands of years. This was the contract once the Britain left. Bharat never existed as a united country--WHAT PARTITION?
THERE WAS NO “PARTITION”: For Britain ” ‘Indian’ Empire” included Somalia, Iraq, Burma, Singapore etc. For the French “India” included Vietnam (Indo-China). For the Dutch “India” included “Indo-n-asia”.
Historians in general and many Pakistanis in particular take deep umbrage and dislike the usage of the term “partition” because “partition” implies the division of a whole. Pakistanis prefer Independence. Pakistanis will accept “Separation” but not “partition.” As the maps show, the term “India” was very ephemeral and put in vogue by the British. Before British times, there was no such word. Because there never was a country called “India” there was no partition.
“India is no more a country than the Equator“ Winston Churchill
Initially when Lord Clive of the East India company defeated Shirijud Daulah, he called it British Bengal. When the British formally came to the Subcontinent in 1857, they encountered more than 570 states. When they left the Subcontinent they left more than 570 independent states and two dominions, India and Pakistan. The states on the banks of the Indus decided to live together as Pakistan, as they had lived together for thousands of years. The states on the Gangetic plain banded together to form “Bharat”. The state on the Brahamaputra became its own state.
Maps showing various sovereign, independent states in the Subcontinent during the British Raj
Each state had its own currency, laws, jails, flag, crest, passport, military, treasury, and British forces were not allowed to enter the state. Many were ruled by Muslims rulers like Hydrabad, Bhopal, Junagarh etc. Maps showing various sovereign, independent states in the Subcontinent during the British Raj.
.
The separation of Burma is not called “partition”. The independence of Sri Lanka is not called “partition”. The removal of Iraq from the British Indian Empire is not called “partition”. The independence of Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan is not called “partition”. Aden and Somalia became independent in the British Indian Empire and are not lamented as being “partitioned” off. For the French, separating Vietnam from their Indian Empire is not called “partition”. For the Dutch, removing Indonesia from Dutch “India” is not called separation.
The Western states had lived together in the Valley of the Indus for more than 5000 years together so it was natural for them to live together
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THE BASIS FOR THE THESIS
“Pakistan” existed 5000 years ago.
5000 years ago Pakistan was probably not called “Pakistan”. China 5000 years ago was also called something else. Egypt 5000 years ago was called something else.
Kushan Parthian maps show different parts of the world
The British Indian Empire included Somalia, Iraq, Aden, Burma and other states. Then there was the French “Indian” Empire, Dutch “Indian” Empire, “Portuguese” Indian Empire and even a Dansih “Indian” Empire. Each one had a different meaning of “India”.The French “Indian” Empire included Vietnam etc. The Dutch Indian Empire included parts of the Subcontinent and Indonesia. Columbus called America “India” and the local inhabitants Indian. Other islands in the new world were called East Indies. South East Asia was called Indo-China.
The French “Indian” Empire included parts of the Subcontinent and (Indo-China) Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos in it
The Dutch “Indian” Empire included Indonesia in it
Map showing Burma, Aden, Iraq as part of the “Indian” Empire
Constables maps of 1893 not shwoing many part of Paksitan in the “Indian” Empire
Map of Asia showing “India” without Pakistan
Map of the Middle East does not show Pakistan as part of the Subcontinent
Timur’s Empire show Pakistan not part of the Subcontinent
THERE WAS NO PARTITION
The Pakistan proposal “Now or Never” was not based on any partition. It was based on the Muslim majority areas coming together.
“Notwithstanding [a] thousand years of close contact, nationalities which are as divergent today as ever, cannot at any time be expected to transform themselves into one nation merely by means of subjecting them to a democratic constitution and holding them forcibly together by unnatural and artificial methods of British Parliamentary statutes. What the unitary government of India for one hundred fifty years had failed to achieve cannot be realised by the imposition of a central federal government. It is inconceivable that the fiat or the writ of a government so constituted can ever command a willing and loyal obedience throughout the sub-continent by various nationalities, except by means of armed force behind it. Quaid E Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah: Founder of Pakistan and the Father of the Nation
These maps show the distribution of Muslim majority areas and other areas. The proposal called for Pakistan to be created in the Muslim majority areas
THE PROOF OF THE THESIS
How could a country be partitioned when it has existed for 5000 years as a separate entity. One hundred and Fifty years as part of the British empire does not make “India” a country
Pakistanis and historians detest the word that incorrectly describes the genesis of the country that has existed since time immemorial
Sindhu (Indus) river. From Sindh to Hindh. In time all residents beyond the Indus were also called Hindus.
The term “india” stems from the Arab usage of the word Hind from for the inhabitants who lived on the
The Western states, Kalat, Bhawalpur, and provinces Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, and NWFP banded together to form “Pakistan” and decided to live together as one country just like they had lived together for thousands of years before the British arrived in the Indus Valley Civilization that existed almost entirely on the banks of the Indus. The states of the Gangetic Civilization that existed on the banks of the Ganges banded together to live form Bharat(constitutional name of “India”). Pakistan had objected to the name “India” being used by Bharat.
These maps show the British Indian Empire which included many states. The other maps detail the condition of the Subcontinent on the eve of the British departure.There never was a country called “India.” The Arabs never ventured past Sindh. The nomenclature was for those on the river Indus as Sindhu or Hindu. ”India” is a colonial derivative of the word. During British Times vast areas of Asia came under the jurisdiction of Britain. Iraq, Somalia, Burma and 526 states in the Subcontinent were all part of the British Empire. When the British were leaving all the parts were made independent.Of these, Somalia, Iraq, Burma, and Pakistan are some of the countries that got liberated. There never was any partition because there never was a “whole” to divide.
At one point Afghanistan was also part of the British Indian Empire. Curzon’s retreat from Afghanistan, and its separation from the “Indian” Empire was not called “partition”. The separation of Iraq from the Indian empire was not called partition. The separation of Aden from British India was not called partition. the separation of the gulf states from “India” was not called partition. The independence of Burma from the British raj in 1933 was not called “partition”. Why is the Pakistani separation called “partition”, as if it was part and parcel of a “whole”.
British Raj (r?j, lit. “rule” in Hindi) or British India, officially the British Indian Empire, and internationally and contemporaneously, India, was the term used synonymously for the region, the rule, and the period, from 1858 to 1947, of the British Empire on the Indian subcontinent. The region included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom (contemporaneously, “British India”) as well as the princely states ruled by individual rulers under the paramountcy of the British Crown. The princely states, which had all entered into treaty arrangements with the British Crown, were allowed a degree of local autonomy in exchange for accepting protection and complete representation in international affairs by Great Britain. The British Indian Empire included the regions of present-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, and, in addition, at various times, Aden (from 1858 to 1937), Lower Burma (from 1858 to 1937), Upper Burma (from 1886 to 1937), British Somaliland (briefly from 1884 to 1898), and Singapore (briefly from 1858 to 1867). British India had some ties with British possessions in the Middle East;the Indian rupee served as the currency in many parts of that region. What is now Iraq was, immediately after World War I, administered by the India Office of the British government.Source: Wikipedia
THE FOUR SUPERPOWERS OF PROTO-HISTORY: China, Egypt, Iraq and Pakistan. The Nile, the Tigris-Euphrates delta, the Yangtze Delta, and the Indus, are the wombs of all civilizations on our earth. These river valley spawned and nurtured humanity. Imagine a world with four superpowers at peace with each other. Imagine a planet where each civilization was immersed in humongous construction projects, urban edification and trade. . How did these proto-world powers interact with each other? Imagine a civilization without any implements of war. Let us look into pre-history and peek into the “seeds” of time. Let us look at the valleys of the world that engendered the Superpowers of the ancient world..
PAKISTAN 5000 YEARS AGO:-The Indus Valley Civilization of South Asia was one of the inceptive civilizations on the planet. It was contemporaneous with the Chinese, Egyptian, and Sumerian civilizations. These were the times when the Egyptians were building huge monuments to their God-kings,the pyramids and the Sphinx. These were the centuries when the Chinese were building palaces for the Shun dynasty. These were exciting eons in the Holy lands too.
These were the centuries when Moses was battling the pharaohs, Abraham was building the Kaaba, David was ruling the kingdom, and Solomon was building the Temple of Yahweh. It was during these centuries that the Indus Valley Civilization flourished and reached its zenith in South Asia.
The IVC built well planned municipalities for its citizens. While the Egyptians spent three generations of their labor force (estimated between 20,000-10000) building useless mausoleum-pyramids to bury the God-kings, the Harappans were successful in eradicating, disease, hunger, and malnutrition.
The Harappans of the IVC did not build huge commemorative, deifying, dedicatory, cenotaphs. The Harappans of Meluhha-IVC built the finest cities of the third millennium.
THE CENTRIFUGAL FORCES IN CURRENT DAY BHARAT
Because the Subcontinent was never “one” country, there are deep fissures in “Bharat.” The Kashmiris, the Naxalites, the Northeastern states, as well as East Punjab, and Tamil Nadu on the South all want to revert to the pre-1947 era.
There are several other articles on the History of India and Pakistan, and Geographic Two Nation Theory on this site:
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guys 1000 odd years ago u were all hindus or buddist live with it
most of u are children if the aram armies as they cam with their wives, so raped local hindu women as per their religious order from the bagdad caliph
and the rest were converted by giveing monetery benefit, or on the point of death and most of u sold out
if u see still u guys haf=ve surnames as butts chowderey ect ect
eg jinnah grandparents were hindus yes hindus his father converted to islam so he could be consedered for a a job, and he was khoja,
zulfikars granmother was a hindu
true islam is shia islam as it is peaceful and right
and they have a great civilisation the persians the iraqi shias ect
so when we say partition is the right word as all of north west was hindustan pakistan came into being bec of sunni islamic terrorism of direct action ect
infact when the arabs invaded they called this huge land mass hindustan
chek urbooks
u guys act so proud to me muslim and link urself to west asia arab land instead of southest the indian subcontinent
well let me tell u something pakistani are not even considered true muslims by the arabs and they are treated like 3rd class people in the gcc countries , u dont beleive me ask ur frds or relitive in the gulf, infact the pakistani curse the arabs
infact though we are the kafirrs indian are treated much better u should see how they check the pakistani at the airport s they just dont trust u guys
and why should they bec they know u are the conquered people who bowed to them
the other muslim in india ewre converted more peacefully by the various religious leader starting from malabar in south india
its is the north west india which surrendered and who will respect losers ciao
Not sure what your diatribe has to do with the facts about South Asia.
Contrary to what you have learned in your temples, historical evidence clearly shows that the Indus Valley of course was not “Hindu” in any sense of the word. Like the article clearly defines–the IVC ate beef, wrote right to left in a pictographic language (not Sanskrit at all), did not know the horse (so essential to Hindu mythology, buried their dead (no cremation), were not vegetarian, were urban (as opposed ot the rural setting so most of Hindu mythology (Sita, Hanuman, Kaura Pandas, Mahabaharta) and did not worship the Hindu pantheon of Gods (Arjun, Mithra, Agni, Ganesh, Shiva Lingum etc).
Agni and Mithra were actually Zorastrian gods which were eventually absorbed into Hinduism.
Contrary to your temple indoctrination, the fact of the matter is that Arab Armies did not invade Delhi. The Seljuks, Delhi dynesty and the Mughals were not Arabs–they were Turkic individuals who made Hindustan their home. Most the the South Asians converted through Sufisim—even today millions of Hindus visit Ajmer Sharif every year
The IVC at the time did trade with other Muslims, like Hazrat Musa in Mesepotamia. Sumerian trade with the people of the Indus has been well established.
If you had READ the article you would see the facts. The Arabs called in Sindh and Hind. Hindustan is a Persian Turkic variation. Arab armies never actually invaded Hindustan. It was the Turko-Persians who conquered Hind.
Your racism towards Arbas is typical of all Indians. They know it. The OIC always supports Pakistan and kicked out India when it wanted to join it in the 70s. The Arab League has always supported Paksitan. 30% of the Pelestinains are educated in Pakistan. Kashmir is a rallying cry for the Arabs.
Arabs have suported Pakistan with blood sweat and tears, and the Pakistan has helped the Syrians, Palestianians and the Jordanains for the past 60 years. The Turks are working very closely with the Paksitan on satellites, UAVs, and tank production. Iran is building a pipeline without Bharat. Pakistanis are allowed to do Haj–which is open to Muslims, so your bigotry about Arabs has to be rejected. 2 million Arabs fought and defended Pakistan fighting for Pakistan against the Soviet invasion. Saudi Arabia and the UAE have invested heavily in the Pakistan infrastructure and spent billions in Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad etc. Saudi Arabia gave free oil to Pakistan for about two decades and the Saudis, Libyans and the UAE funded the Nuclear program.
Saudi Arabia has placed an order for the Al-Khalid tanks and the JF-17 Thunders. A huge continegent of the Pakistan Army defends the Saudi government
Your nonsense about Indian is of course a figment of your imagination–No Non-Mulsim is allowed into Mecca and Medina. The Saudis and the UAE use the computer coolies–sure but they have not invested in any programs in Bharat.
But you digres–the subject was the history of the Subcontinent
After 1947 in Bharat there is no temple education like Madarasha and does not possess a graduate like mullah as in Pakistan.
Aslo 97% Hinus eats non vegetarian and slaughter the animal in front of God in festival time.
Its 100% true that Subcontinent muslims were hinu or buddha were forcibly converted by raping or brutally assaulted.
Even in the 21st century Talibans in S.WARIGISTAN forcing sikhs to embrace Islam or to pay the heavy tax.
There is no history that islam spreaded peacefully.
The IVC preceded Hinduism. The IVC was NOT Hindu. NO statues of Arjun, Agni, Mithra, Kali Devi, Shiva Lingum, Ghanesh, Rama, or Sita have been discovered in the dozens of cities of the IVC which is essentially existed on the banks of the Indus. Millions of Hindus–most Hindus are vegetarians. Please prove that 97% of Hindus eat meat. Please also give us some sources which say that 97% of Hindus eat BEEF. This is pure nonsense.
Here is an injunction that Hindus cannot eat beef. Hindus are forbidden by their religion to eat beef, and the Hindu Council UK (HCUK) has reacted to the news with shock and disgust. Anil Bhanot, General Secretary of the HCUK said, “For many Hindus, to eat beef is as bad as cannibalism. (http://www.hinduismtoday.com/modules/xpress/2009/06/11/). There was no such restriction on beef eating in the IVC and the Indus people (todays Pakistanis)
“I know the secret of spread of Islam. I am aware that Islam spread not due to the sword but the teachings of fakirs and maulvis” MOHADAS KARAMCHAND GANDHI (Ref. writings of Sarvarkar)
Mohandas Gandhi wrote in Young India – 1920:
‘I became more than ever convinced that it was not the sword that won a place in Islam in those days in the scheme of life. It was the rigid simplicity, the utter self-effacement of the Prophet, the scrupulous regard for his pledges, his intense devotion to his friends and followers, his intrepidity, his fearlessness, his absolute trust in God and his own mission. These and not the sword carried everything before them and surmounted every trouble.’
This is the original IVC
http://moinansari.wordpress.com/files/2008/01/pakistan-existed-5000-years-ago-as-ivc.gif
The bull is not a Hindu symbol at all. The cow is revered in Hinduism–but bulls are not revered. Cow slaughter is still prohibited in many states and “Gao Mutra” (Cow Urine) is sold all over Bharat. There is no evidence of Gao Mutra in the IVC–which slaughtered the cows and ate them.
This map shows the later stages of the IVC. The original IVC was exclusively on the banks of the Indus
http://moinansari.wordpress.com/files/2008/08/indus-valley-civilization.jpg
Hindusim itself with the pantheon of Hindu Gods is an import from Arayans who came to the Subcontinent.
Please see “Why I am not a Hindu” by
The Brahamans exterminated Buddhism and Jainism. Please don’t regurgitate the non-fact that Buddha was “Hindu”–no one else including the Buddhist don’t accept this myth. Brahamnsim tried to incorporate Buddhism and Jianism into Hindusim. Buddhia rejected the Hindu dharma in totality and preached his own doctrine which had nothing to do with Arjun, Mahabharat, Kaura Panda, Sati, Rmayana, Bhagavat Gita, or Ramayan etc.
All your history is temple indoctrination. I am just reading Jaswant Singh’s book–it si full of Hindu dogma and laments the creation of Pakistan. Not through it yet–will write a commentary as soon as I am done…which may take a few days.
Please see this on how Brahmain exterminated Buddhism from Kashmir and the land of Buddhism’s birth.
http://rupeenews.com/2009/03/24/the-manuwadi-hindus-destroyed-buddhism-in-its-own-land-of-birth/
See exact quotes from Kalhana’s Rajatarangini
http://rupeenews.com/2008/02/03/why-did-buddhism-disappear-from-the-south-asian-subcontinent-summary-of-brahmin-atrocities-that-destroyed-buddhism-in-the-subcontinent/
Your references from Dawn are someone’s opinions. Its not a news story.
SUMMARY OF BRAHMAN ATROCITIES THAT DESTROYED BUDDHISM IN INDIA
1) The Divyavadana (ed. Vaidya, 282). The most important of the murderous Hindu bigots who carried out their systematic campaign of violence against the peaceful followers of Lord Buddha was Pushyamitra (184-48 B.C.), the founder of the Shunga dynasty. For details and refrences do see BELOW
2) Goyal [430] “The culprit in this case was Toramana, a member of the same dynasty as the Shaivite Mihirakula who did “immense damage to the Buddhist shrines in Gandhara, Punjab and Kashmir.” For details and refrences do see BELOW
3) Mihirakula is said to have razed 1600 viharas, stupas and monasteries, and “put to death 900 Kotis, or lay adherents of Buddhism” [Joshi, 404].
4) The Aryamanjushrimulakalpa tells us that Pushyamitra “destroyed monasteries with relics and killed monks of good conduct.” [Jayaswal, 18-19]
5) As Goyal [394] notes, “According to many scholars hostility of the Brahmanas was one of the major causes of the decline of Buddhism in India.”
6) The celebrated Tibetan historian Lama Taranatha mentions the march of Pushyamitra from Madhyadesha to Jalandhara. In the course of his campaigns, the book states, Pushyamitra burned down numerous Buddhist monasteries and killed a number of learned monks The archaeological evidence for the ravages wrought by Pushyamitra and other Hindu fanatic rulers on famous Buddhist shrines is abundant.
7) The Brhannaradiya-purana lays it down as a principal sin for a Brahmana to enter the house of a Buddhist even in times of great peril.
8) The drama Mrchchhakatika shows that in Ujjain the Buddhist monks were despised and their sight was considered inauspicious.
9) The Vishnupurana (XVIII 13-18) also regards the Buddha as Mayamoha who appeared in the world to delude the demons. Kumarila is said to have instigated King Sudhanvan of Ujjain to exterminate the Buddhists.
10) The Kerala-utpatti describes how he exterminated the Buddhists from Kerala.”
11) The Chinese traveller Yuan Chwang (Huen Tsang), who visited India in the seventh century records the oppressions of Shashanka, the king of Gauda, who was a devotee of Shiva.
12) Yuan Chwang’s account reads, “In recent times Shashanka, the enemy and oppressor of Buddhism, cut down the Bodhi tree, destroyed its roots down to the water and burned what remained.” [Watters II p.115] He also says that Shashanka tried “to have the image (of Lord Buddha at Bodhgaya) removed and replaced by one of Shiva”.
13) Another independent account of Shashanka’s oppressions is found in the Aryamanjushrimulakalpa, which refers to Shashanka destroying “the beautiful image of Buddha” [Jayaswal, 49-50].
14) Another prominent seventh century murderer of Buddhists was Sudhanvan of Ujjain, already mentioned in the quotation from Goyal above as having been supposedly instigated by Kumarila Bhatt.
15) Madhava Acharya, in his “Sankara-digvijayam” of the fourteenth century A.D., records that Suddhanvan “issued orders to put to death all the Buddhists from Ramesvaram to the Himalayas”.
16) Even after the Islamic invasions of India, Hindu bigotry and hatred for Buddhists was not subdued. According to Sharmasvamin, a Tibetan pilgrim who visited Bihar three decades after the invasion of Bakhtiaruddin Khilji in the 12th century, the biggest library at Nalanda was destroyed by Hindu mendicants who took advantage of the chaos produced by the invasion.
He says that “they (Hindus) performed a Yajna, a fire sacrifice, and threw living embers and ashes from the sacrifice into the Buddhist temples. This produced a great conflagration which consumed Ratnabodhi, the
nine-storeyed library of the Nalanda University“. [Prakash, 213]. Numerous destroyed Buddhist shrines were converted into Hindu temples after their destruction.
17) Ahir [58] notes that “The Seat of Buddha’s Enlightenment was in the possession of a Hindu Mahant till 1952.
18) Similarly, at Kushinara, where the Buddha had entered into Mahaparinirvana, the cremation stupa had been converted into a Hindu temple, and on top of it stood the temple of Rambhar Bhavani when
Cunningham discovered the site in 1860-61.
19) Among the shrines which still continue to be dedicated to Hindu gods mention may be made of the Caityas of Chezrala and Ter in Andhra Pradesh which are now Shiva and Vishnu temples respectively.
20) The temple of Madhava at Sal Kusa, opposite Gauhati in Asam, was once a sacred shrine of the Buddhists. …
21) And the famous Jagannatha temple at Puri in Orissa was also originally a Buddhist shrine.
22) Similarly, the Vishnupada temple at Gaya was also once a Buddhist shrine.” As Rajendralal Mitra notes in his famous work of 1878 [quoted in Ahir, 59] the feet of Buddha at Gaya were rechristened the feet of Vishnu and held as the most sacred object of worship in the new Vishnupada temple.
23) According to the records of Hieun Tsang and Kalhana’s Rajaatarangini, Asoka the great repented, converted to Buddhism (273-232 BC) and did a lot for Buddhism. Asoka renounced violence, and renounced his religion after the Kalinga war, and he became a Buddhist. During Asoka, Buddhism had become the state religion. The Brahmans did not like him, and many historians think the Brahaman opposition to Asoka led to the destruction of the Muyarian dynasty.
24) In Glimpses of World History Jawahrlal Nehru says the following about the Kushans (emphasis is mine and not Nehru’s): ” This Kushan Empire is interesting in many ways. IT WAS A BUDDHIST EMPIRE, and one of its famous rulers-the Emperor Kanishka-was ardently devoted to the dharma…the Kushans were Mongolians or closely allied to them. From the Kushan capital there must have been a continuous coming and going to the Mongolian homelands, and Buddhist learning and Buddhist culture must have gone to China and Mongolia…the Kushan Empire sat like a colossus astride the back of Asia, in between the Greaco-Roman world in the south. It was a halfway house both between India, and Rome, and India and China. The Kushan period corresponded with the last days of the Roman Republic when Julius Ceaser was alive, and first 200 years of the Roman Empire
25) THE HINDU KASHATRIYA HINDU AND BUDDHIST WARS
Jawarhalal Nehru in his book Glimpses of World History says (Page 103 and 104) “Chandragupta proclaimed his holy war “against all foreign rulers in India. The Kashatriyas and the Aryan aristocracy, deprived of their power and positions by the aliens (Kushans), were at the back of this war. After a dozen or so years of fighting, Chandragupta managed to gain control over Northern India including what is now called UP. He then crowned himself king of kings. Thus began the Gupta dynasty. It was a period of somewhat aggressive Hinduism and nationalism. The foreign rulers-the Turkis and Parathions and other Non-Aryans were rooted our and forcibly removed. We thus find racial antagonism at work. The Indo-Aryan aristocrat was proud of his race and looked down upon these barbarians and malachas. Indo-Aryan States and rulers were conquered by the Guptas were dealt with leniently, But there was not leniency for non-Aryans.
26) Jawarhalal Nehru in his book Glimpses of World History says “Chandragupta’s son Samadugupta was an even more aggressive fighter than his father….the Kushans were pushed back across the Indus…Samadugupta’s son, Chandragupta II was also a warrior king, and he conquered Kathiwad and Gujrat, which had been under the rule of a Saka or Turki dynasty for a long time. He took the name
Vikramaditya…..The Gupta period was a period of Hindu imperialism in India. There was a great revival of old Aryan culture and Sanskrit learning. The Hellenistic, or Greek and Mongolian elements in Indian life
and culture which had been brought by the Greeks, Kushans and others were not encouraged, and were in fact deliberately superseded by laying stress on the Indo-Aryan traditions. Sanskrit was the official court language. But EVEN IN THOSE DAYS SANSKRIT WAS NOT THE COMMON LANGUAGE OF THE PEOPLE.
The spoken language was a form of Prakrit….Kalidasa belonged to this period ……………. Samadragupta changed the capital of his empire from Pataliputra (Peshawar) to Ayodhia. Perhaps he felt that Ayodhiya
offered a more suitable outlook–with its story of Ramachandra immortalized in Valmikis epic.
27) HINDU BUDDHIST CONFLICT
Jawarhalal Nehru in his book Glimpses of World History says “The Gupta revival of Aryanism and Hinduism was naturally not very favorably inclined towards Buddhism. This was partly because this movement was aristocratic, with the Kashatriya chiefs backing it, and Buddhism had more democracy in it; partly because the Mahayana form of Buddhism was closely associated with the Kushans and other alien rulers of northern India….but Buddhism declined in India…Chandragupta the first was a contemporary of Constantine the great, the Roman Emperor who founded Constantinople. “
28) HINDU IMPERIALISM SAILS TO THE FAR EAST AND DESTROYS THE MALAY CIVILIZATION
The years of ANO DOMINI saw the beginning of Hindu imperialism outside India. Just like the Ferocious Aryans destroyed the IVC, these Hindu invaders destroyed the 2500 year old civilization of the Malay peninsula and imposed a foreign culture upon the peace loving people of the far east. Local temples were destroyed, people were enslaved, and the local language was abolished. Being polite, Jawahalal Nehru in the
understatement of the century writes in his book Glimpses of World History says:
Jawarhalal Nehru in his book Glimpses of World History says “These colonizing excursions started in the first century after Christ and they continued for a hundred years. All over Malay and Java and Sumatra and
Cambodia and Borneo they went, and established and took Indian culture with them…..In Burma and Siam and Indo-China there were large Indian colonies. Many times even of the names they gave to their new towns and settlements were borrowed from India-Ayodhia, Hastinapur, Taxila, Gandhara…No doubt Indian colonialists misbehaved wherever they went, as all such colonialists do. They must have exploited the people islands and lorded it over them….Hindu States and empires were established in these eastern islands, and then Buddhist rulers came, and between the Hindu and the Buddhist there was a tussle for mastery. It is a long and ..story………mighty ruins still tell us of the great buildings and temples …..there were great cities…Kamboja, Sri Vijay, Angkor …”
29) During this time Fa-hien visited India to study Buddhism (399 AD) and found “gaya wa waste and desolate“. He gives a detailed account of Buddhist persecution by the Brahman Aryans.
THE ARYAN HUNS INVADE THE IVC. SUN WORSHIPPING and MAHAYANA BUDDHISM PROSECUTED
With the decline of the Guptas, the nomadic tribes of Central Asia called the Huns invaded India. Their leader was Tormana (500 AD). Jawaharlal Nehru in his book Glimpses of World History says:
“Skandagupta, the fith of the Gupta line had to face this Hun invasion…gradually they spread all over Gandhara and the greater part of Northern India. THEY TORTURED THE BUDDHISTS AND COMMITTED ALL MANNER OF FRIGHTFULNESS”….There must have been continuous warfare against them, but the Guptas could not drive them away. Fresh waves of Huns came …”
‘30) Jawaharlal Nehru in his book Glimpses of World History says:
…Torman installed himself king . He was bad enough, but after him came his son Miharagula, who was an unmitagated savage and fiendishly cruel. Lalhana in his history of Kashmir–the Rajatrangini–tells us that one of is Miharagula’s amusements was to have elephants thrown over the great precipices into the valley below”.
31) Jawaharlal Nehru in his book Glimpses of World History says:
The treatment of men was sometimes worse then that of animals (some of the animals like cows were actually revered because they were Gods). Lower caste Hindus had a misrable life. Other historians have commented that the treatment of women was even worse, specially women of lower castes, they were considered the “property” of the upper caste Hindus, to be molested and/or raped at will. In many cases the new bride had to stay a night with the village Brahman before she was married off. Kashmir converted to Islam during this time period. It was cruelty like this that led to the whole sale conversion to Islam. The new religion offered them equality and saved them from the Brahmans.
32) Jawaharlal Nehru says, “Soon however the Hun power weakened in India… the Huns have been defeated and driven back, but many remain in odd corners. The Great Gupta dynasty fades away after Balditya.
33) HUNS DEFEATED. HARSHA VARDHANA TRIES TO REVIVE BUDDHISM
Jawaharlal Nehru in his book Glimpses of World History says:
“The Huns killed the Raja of Kanauj and made his wife Rajashiri a prisoner. Thereupon Rajashiri’s brother Raja came to fight the Huns and bacme an emperor (606-647 AD). The Chinese traveler Hiuen Tsang visited India at this time, he gives a very harsh account of the conditions of India, and writes extensively of the persucution of Buddhists. Harshas ancestors were sun worshippers, however he was also attracted towards the Mahayana form of Buddhism. The Brahmans were very displeased with him and even conspired to kill him. Harsha spent time and money on arts and literature, and drama, and was probably the last great Buddhist emperor of India. He extensivle wrote of the atrocities com itted by the Hindus
against the Buddhists in India.
34) Jawahalal Nehru in his book Glimpses of World History says ” Harsha was a keen Buddhist. Buddhism as a separate faith, had weakened greatly in India, …he was a pious Buddhist, and he came to visit the sacred places of Buddhism and to take with him the scriptures of the faith .”
35) THE ARYAN RAJPUT INVASION
The death of Harsha ushered in an era of anarchy again. The Rajputs were the invaders this time. This era is called the Rajput era. According to Tod, the Rajputs were the descendants of Sakas, Huns, Ushans, Gujaaras
etc.
36) According to Rajatarangini of Kalhana which forms a major source of our history, Duralabhavardhana founded a new royal dynasty about the middle of the 7th century. Lalitaditya ascended the thorne in 724 AD and he conquered large areas of India and brought it under Kashmiri rule. After him (750 AD) the power of Kashmir receded.
37) Jiyapida, the grandson of Lalitaditya tried to revive the reputation of the Karkota dynasty. The Karkota dynasty was replaced by the Utpala dynasty about the middle of the 9th century. The Rajputs were true Hindus and patronized Hindu religion and culture in all of India.
SPREAD OF ISLAM
The rapid and extensive spread of Islam is among the facts about this religion that was, and still is, a subject of distortion by both Muslims and non-Muslims. One of the widely circulated myths in the media, especially now-a-days, is the myth that Islam was spread by the sword! In the global cultural and political atmosphere, after the events of September 11, Islam was portrayed to the world as a religion of terrorism and that it had spread through its campaign of “holy jihad”; in other words “holy terrorism”! These allegations are religiously and historically groundless.
Religiously, one of the explicit concepts in Islam is that there is no compulsion in religion:
Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands out clear from Error: whoever rejects evil and believes in God hath grasped the most trustworthy hand-hold, that never breaks. And God heareth and knoweth all things.
Surah 2 Verse 256
The other fact is that Islam never declared the concept of converting others into the faith as part of the Muslims’ duties. On the contrary, Islam limited the Muslims’ duties in this respect to the balagh (conveyance):
If then they turn away, We have not sent thee as a guard over them. Thy duty is but to convey (the Message). …
Surah 42 Verse 48
In addition, Islam does not hold Muslims responsible for the deeds of the other nations:
Say: “Ye shall not be questioned as to our sins, nor shall we be questioned as to what ye do.”
Surah 34 Verse 25
Thus, religiously there is no need for Muslims to force others to embrace Islam!
Historically, there is no evidence to sustain the allegation that Islam was spread by the sword. On the contrary, countless evidence shows the opposite. Rationally, it was evident that the expansion of Islam was neither due to the power nor the number of Muslims. Within the first hundred years of Islam, it covered the largest area of the then-known world, whereas the other two powers failed in spreading their religions into the same areas – the Romans (Christianity) and the Persians (Zoroastrianism).
History shows that non-Muslim minorities lived peacefully in the Muslim world under Muslim rulers. Their rights were preserved and they had full freedom to practice their religion. In many regions they also played an active political,economic and cultural/intellectual role within the Islamic civilization. These religious minorities existed with their churches and synagogues in the Muslim world throughout 1400 years of Islam being the ruling doctrine, and they still exist up until today. In contrast, the Christians in Spain abolished all the rights of Muslims during the period of the Inquisition. Muslims as well as Jews at that time were expelled out of Spain, forced to convert into Christianity, or physically eliminated!
Furthermore, there was the Mongol phenomenon, in which the conqueror, who destroyed many parts of the Muslim world, later embraced the religion of the conquered, Islam.
Also, there is the impact of Muslim traders. Through their individual social interactions and their role in commercial dealings, their moral example led to the conversion of many people the far East and West Africa. This was conversion without a single army approaching these areas. Islam was embraced in Indonesia and its neighbors in the absence of the Muslim State, while the rulers of the region were Christians. The traders, not the soldiers, were the ones who introduced Islam there. Indonesia is now the largest Muslim country in population.
In addition, after the collapse of the Muslim civilization and the abolishment of the central Islamic Caliphate, many parts of the Muslim world became subject to non-Muslim rulers. Yet, the Muslim population increased rather than decreased.
Above all, in spite of the political and military weakness of the Muslim world now, and in spite of the hostile media that is dedicated to discredit Islam in many aspects, statistics show that Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world!
In addition, Islam spread into many parts of the world and replaced the existing well-established religions of the area, for example Christianity in North Africa, Zoroastrianism in Persia, Hinduism and Buddhism in the subcontinent. In contrast, when the Muslim world was weakened and colonized by the West, western religions could not replace Islam, in spite of rigorous missionary efforts.
These facts put us face to face with your question; how Islam spread in the world. However, this is not the most important issue, because there are many ways by which Islam spread; commerce, travel, military confrontation, scholarly interaction, social interactions, and more significantly, the effects of the glorious Islamic civilization on the world. The central question should be why Islam spread quickly and distantly?
The answer to the latter question lies in the nature of the message of Islam itself. The message of Islam is simple, straight forward, and suitable to the innate nature of mankind. It has a clear concept of the oneness of God in contrast to the ambiguity of God’s nature in other religions. The oneness of God in Islam also declared the unity of mankind in their origin, value, and destiny. This revolutionary concept made Islam appeal to many people. Islam also attracted others by its simple five pillars, which make the act of worship easier and clear to the average person. Islam also gave the existence of man a full meaning by declaring the concept of accountability for one’s deeds. Finally, the tolerance of Islam towards non-Muslims, along with the system of ethics in Islam, were virtues that drew people’s attention to Islam.
Mahatma Gandhi wrote in Young India – 1920:
‘I became more than ever convinced that it was not the sword that won a place in Islam in those days in the scheme of life. It was the rigid simplicity, the utter self-effacement of the Prophet, the scrupulous regard for his pledges, his intense devotion to his friends and followers, his intrepidity, his fearlessness, his absolute trust in God and his own mission. These and not the sword carried everything before them and surmounted every trouble.’
Hi Moin,
regarding pakistani cooperation bet pak and saudi it is simple they need the pakistni aramy against Iran, pakistani army is not for pak, its more for other countries with money eg ksa, usa, jordan ect as history will tell u
regarding 2 million arabs fighting to save pakistan, no it was usa fightiing the sovioets and it usd both saudi and pak, when its job was done it left nd so did saudi with millions of refugee in pak and a destroyed afghanistan
this loyal arabs who u calsimed fought for pak were then in turn slaughtred by the nothern alliance when usa invaded afganistan after 26/11 and pkaistn id nothing to save them we saw them being chased on the street of kabul and being killed by the afgani ppl on television
offcousre pakistani will be allaoewed to do haj, but i am a little confused, when u say pakistani does the include all pakistanis christian hidus sikhs parsee ahamdia, quaidian ect or oly muslim
bec they allaow only our muslim brother from india we are not allaowed evn thiyugh i am from the bood
i ahve some christian arab friends one of whose name is Amjad, it sounds like a muslim name but he is lebenese christian he use to work in ksa, i asked him if he visited the holy city he said no not allowed though he speaks arabic, is an arab, name seems like muslim name
so what was ur point the saudis dont allow anyone , who is not a muslim infact they were even trying to stop the shias, u amay be aware of it
another intresting thing they allaowed some hindus a ouple of year ago to mecca city, they were doing a feasible study of laying a railway line u can check for this news item
yes we know arbs diid not aconquer delhi the conqured sid from iraq, delhis was conqured by central asaia, afganistan ect
but they called the land hindustan, infact the name hindus was given by arabs before that we did not say hindus
regarding abahram beibg muslim i am sure the jews will deffer and u have to admit their book is older then yours or mine, hence more authority
now let me tell u about politis
u say the arabs , turks libyan ect ect are ur closesed supporters, why tehn i ask they do not help u get kashmir from india, even usa was suporting pakistn just a few years ago against indai u had all the security grouping with them cento ect ect
why is the oic organisation not passing a resulation or some sort of and edit fatwa whatevr that kashmir belong to pakistan hove u guys thought aboput it
do u know iraq aand ecn iran has refused to pass any resulation on kashmir agaist india
beleive me if oic decides that it will be a big problem for india, with gcc refusing to sell oil to india of let indian labour to work there , we will have a huge economic problem on our hands
but will they do it to help pakistan and kashmir, well ur guess is as good as mine
now i did not undersatn ur comment of IT collie,
bec here in indaia we are thaught of dignity in work irrespectinve of what work u do as long as u do a honest days work god is happy with u, even if u was toilets, only robbing killing ect is wrong
even in islam it is written god is happy with people who live of their sweat, (i said god its in english, the arabs call allah even the arab christian call god allah)
so i see nothing wrong if my briother indians work anywhere in the world as coolie sweeoer ect aslong as they do not try to smuggle drugs there as it is agaist the religion of the arabs
as u may know every year 100 of pakistani muslim are eecuted in saudi for smugling drugs,
regarding arab investment let me tell u nakeel of use ah signed a $20 billion contrat for real easte development , kuwaait is building refoneries in indian, just goole arab investment in india and see the huge inv in india in all sector,
regarding temple education we do not have it, that is only if u want to be a pundit, in my religion if u want to be a padre, but even our padres go to regular colleges, and usually have qulified trade trainning like and engeneers, teachers, ect along with the bible
regarding north west indai being part of india and being hinu or uddhist u will not agree inspite of the bubbiyan statues, the countless temples in pakistan dating 1000s of years what more proof can i give u
ciao
Richie Rodrigues
Rich:
Abraham was not a Jew. He was a Muslim. The book he used was a Muslim book. Muslims do not accept any other version of religious events. Bakar Eid cleberates Abraham and his son’s sacrifice.
Your bigotry towards Arabs is appaling and your self-aggrandising notions about them are ridiclous. Yout notions about Iran and Arabs are based on Neocon propoganda. Iran has always helped Pakistan. Pakistan also helped Iran in the Nuclear program
Gilani is just going to Libya again. Lots of deals signed with all Arab countries.
You anecdotal stories about a Hindu being allowed into Mecca and Amjad are not interesting. We know who is a Muslim
Pakistan, Afghans and Arabs began fighting the USSR two years BEFORE the USA took up the battle. The point was that Arabs helped Pakistan and faught in Kashmir
Bharat has not been able to gobble Kashmir. Half the army is stuck there. Arabs are conducting death by a thousand cuts. The point is that Kashmiris don’t want to be part of Hindustan
Buddhism is not Hindusism. Buddha was not Hindu.
Hi Moin
regarding mosses abhram ect jews and christian have different views from the muslims, and lets leave it at that as all 3 beleive them anyway so makes no diff what ethnicity they were
arab bigotry, well let me tell u i am at present in pune and there are 1000s of arabs staying here studying, palestinian, baharinians, even persians, ect palistinian and afganis are given scholarships as their countries are having trouble,
arabs have no issue with visa ect to enter india,
and i have many arab friends personally, i am against whabism even arabs like egyptians are against it
we are a major contributor and supporter of palistinian independence
regarding libya we have good relation with them and are their majon oil buyers, they are too smalll fo any special attention by indians
saudi king was the guest of honour at last years independence celebration, would he come if he did not want good ties with india
Iran, well u may be aware a couple of indian scientest asd indian companies were black listed by USA, in 2007, and under investigation, for helping iran with its nuclear reserch in short helping them make the shia bomb, and let me tell u, i am sure we did as in tarapur near bombay u see lots of iranian staying there wonder what they do there, but i support them have the bomb bec others have it so why should they not have it,
pakistan will never want them to have the bomb as pakistanis patron ksa will not like it, and u know the gcc are terrified about it, infact they are even cooperating with israel regarding that issue,
real politiocs is very complex religion has no major part in it, except as a minor irritants religion never makes great nations, u can use it to a certain extent not beyond a certain point
Kashmir, what 1000s cuts by arabs we have no arab terroriost in kashmir, they are all in pakistani tribal areas, u may be aware 2 days agao one of your arab friends ried to kill the saudi prince, i think he thought we was in kashmir, killing a indian misinster so u see the double edge knife of breeding terrorist
as long as the kashmiri status is maintained we have have no issue, as it keeps fighting fit and keeps us united, everybody need a common enemy u have india we have pakistan even if it is not exclty true, bec to beright pakistn ceased to be a threat in 1971, we use the pakistani boogey to arm ourself agaisnt the real threat that is china, and they are strong economically and militarily we will need atleast another 10, 15 years to have a creadble defense agaist them, and chinese know it, hence they support pakistn and we both play this game, and we cosy up to usa ect
so do not really reagrd pakistn above its station, u guys can club urself with afganistan central asia GCC ect, the great came between china, usa japan, russia has began, and pakistan afganistan are just pawn, yes we need russia and usa now to deal against china but Inshallah a day will come when we will match them in every aspect
we move militaries and airforces up and down the indai chinese border u guys move terrorist up and down the border of afganistan and india
see the difference
ciao
I cant understand 1 thing about u Hindus-tanis, y have u so much complex about being Daal and Sabzi eaters…Is this complex generated by seeing millions of underfed hidndus-tanis sleepin on roads or is it generated when u see SLUMDOGS..I mean the strength of a muslim comes with his eating habits n thats true..We r proud meat eaters n aids effected peedrinker hindus r vegeterians live with it…Islam is DEEN-e-IBRAHIMI n Mohammad is the last prohet..No revolution can start with in a night…It always has its roots which gradually builds up n then a time comes when a revolution is inevitable…Same is the case with Islam..A religion started by Hazrat Adam, based on the sacrifices of Prohets like Hazrat Essa, Hazrat Ibrahim n Hazrat Mussa eventually reached its peak when last prophet Mohammad was born and that was the completion of constitution of mankind…
Temple educated
All I can says is – Pakistanis you are a IVC guy have been the victim of Hindu, Buddha and Islam beaten up brutally and forced to change your identity. you haven’t make a own religion for you..
Now also in the afghan war you haven’t use your navy or fighter aircraft or missiles or nuclear asset, you are bankrupted and allowed all the foreigners to make their intension for your survival. Please be careful when you walking through the life restrict the outsiders to intervene you.
We understand the history of 5000 years old IVC and the IVC is not a religion. Also no one can compare or match with IVC with Islam. Islam has limited history just 1700 years and the subcontinent in islam is very limited about 1000 years.
Its absolute nonsense that Pakistanis directly jumps from IVC to Islam. Pakistanis has gone into different religious cycles via IVC—>Hinduism—>Buddhism–>Hinduism—>Islam—-> ??
I donno how to prove 97% Hindu eats non veg. Hinduism is a caste system, Other than Brahmin all were eats not veg. Some Brahmin secretly eats non veg in the hotel.So 5% Bramin others of 95% eats non veg. 2% is the brahmin who is secretly eat non veg in the hotel.
Beef- Hindu Dalits and some of few caste eat beef even now. I also had beef many times in the hotel when I am studying the college now Not. Its all about how much you learnt or how much you understand about your religion.
A common Hindu gives very less important to his religion. Thats why Bharat is being running as a multicultural country which accepts pluralism.
There goes the temple indoctranaiton called “history” in Bharat. Islam is NOT 1700 years old. Islam is “deen e Ibraheemi” or the religion of Abraham. Abraham (800 B) was a Muslim as was Moses (3500 BC). If you are taught that Islam started in 622 AD with Muhammad, you are mistaken and don’t know about Islam.
IVC was Non-Hindu. Hinduism was an import from the outside. It thrived on the Ganges. It did not thrive on the Indus. Hindu books always discuss a rural culture (Hanuman, Sita, Ramayana, Kali Devi, Ganesh). None of these belong to a urban cultue. Buddhism survived in Bactrai and Kashmir.
You keep bringing in “meat”. If you cannot prove that 97% Hindus eat meat, you need to retract the statement or it will be rejected automatically.
The fact remains that eating beef is a violation of Hindu dharma and it is a “bhrasht”.
Bharat is not a ‘secular” country. The currency, flag, and national anthem all portra Hindusim and Hindu dogam. It is Hindusim light pqwned off as “secular”
We knew the history of Muslim and Islam. Islam start spread other parts of the world after Mohamed and the people start praying toward Mecca after Mohamed. Before that it was just a tripe religion.
http://www.islam.com/introislam.htm
Do you have the proof that Pakistani jumps from IVC to Islam without touching Hinduism or Buddhism?
Your knowledge of Islam is as small as your knowledge of South Asian history. Prophet Ibrahim is one of the most important prophets of Islam. Abraham was neither Jewish nor Christian. He was Muslim. This is a direct quote from the Holy Quran. All prophets from Adam to Muhammad were sent with the same message: man’s total submission to Allah. In Arabic, this submission is called “Islam,” which also means peace, peace between the Creator and His creatures. Unlike the names Judaism and Christianity, the name Islam was given by Allah Himself, as mentioned in Qur’an 5:3: This day I have perfected your religion for you and completed My favor on you, and have chosen for you Islam as your way of life. Neither “Judaism” nor “Christianity” is found in the Bible or in a Bible dictionary. No Israelite prophet said the word “Judaism.” Jesus never claimed to establish Christianity and never called himself a Christian. The word “Christian” is mentioned only three times in the New Testament and first by pagans and Jews in Antioch about 43 A.D., long after Jesus had left this earth. Read in Acts 11:26: “And when he had found him, he brought him unto Antioch. And it came to pass, that a whole year they assembled themselves with the church, and taught much people. And the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch.”.
In Chapter 3:65-67: O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians)! Why do you dispute about Abraham, while the Torah and the Gospel were not revealed till after him? Have you then no sense? Abraham was neither a Jew nor a Christian, but he was a true Muslim (worshiper of none but Allah alone) and he joined none in worship with Allah.
In Chapter 2:140: Or say you that Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob and the twelve sons of Jacob were Jews or Christians? Say (of Muhammad), ‘Do you know better or does Allah? And who is more unjust than he who conceals the testimony he has from Allah?’ And Allah is not unaware of what you do.
Here is how Muslims view Islam http://www.islamicweb.com/beliefs/comparative/Abraham.htm
Read Glimples of World History by Jawharlal Nehru, or The Indus Saga by Ahtizaz Hussain or “On Kashmir Matters” by Moin Ansari (whihc was also posted on the BJP site for the longest time–since 1983. Note sure it is is still there).
http://rupeenews.com/2009/07/12/history-of-kashmiri-pakistani-symbiosis/
You couldn’t answer my direct question.
Do you believe that Pakistani jumps from IVC to Islam without touching Hinduism or Buddhism?
YES or NO
IF YES WHERE IS THE PROOF
You were given several links and book references.
We still await you proof that 97% of Hindus eat beef
You are confused and couldn’t reply properly to my question.
Here is your question:
We still await you proof that 97% of Hindus eat beef
Answer:I never said 97% of Hindus eat beef(i said 97% hindu eat nov veg.Non veg means it can be with chicken,lamb,fish.also i have replied who and all eat beef).Please go through my early reponse.Also i have copied and added below
“I donno how to prove 97% Hindu eats non veg. Hinduism is a caste system, Other than Brahmin all were eats not veg. Some Brahmin secretly eats non veg in the hotel.So 5% Bramin others of 95% eats non veg. 2% is the brahmin who is secretly eat non veg in the hotel.”
I gone thru some of the paragraph.It says kasmiris embraced hinduism and buddisam before convert to isalm.
Here is the statement from your article.
“The Kashmir valley was mostly inhabited by many people that included sun worshippers, Zorastarians, and Buddhists. Kashmir became an important centre of Brahman learning. Brahaman art, literature and philosophy flourished unhindered, on the backs of the untouchables, and the lower caste Hindus. After the 8th century the clear and loud message of Islam was heard in the Valley. It was the Sufis who carried the message of Mohamamd to Kashmir.”
moin,
i do not understsnd, what has meat to do with hinduism, yes i know hindus who eatbeef forget chiken and mutton, so what that just shows how secular they are, just by eating meat one does not become non hindu, as u guys have been thought, in a multicultural society like our people move around with people of other creed hence succum to each other habits
i know muslims eating pork so wahts new here in india and Usa,
and let me tell u this jINNAH ate ham and beacon WHEN IN UK, he even dran alcohol does that make him less of a man or a muslim
check UAE and bahrain especially baharain u see all arabs from saudi there on weekends in the pub and mujarah joints and they come from the land where islam originated so are they less muslims?
and regarding abharam he was a jew and so was jesus, i am a roman catholic and i know for sure jesus was a jew not a muslim a 100% jew killed by roman pontius pilate roman govener for political reason re;igion had nothing to do with it
we have to admit what is right even if it goes agaist our beleives sometimes
Jai Hind
Richie Rodrigues
Rich we are discussing gradate historical analysis of the eating habits of the IVC. You brought up current habits of a few individuals. Either stick with the subject or get off the pot
Hey Guys, I am a Muslim born in Delhi and now in UK. I really don’t understand why Indians and Pakistais take politics so seriously. Going through this website I feel the author is not aware about India. He is using half truths with his versions twisted to form a utopian version. Although it can’t be said there is no discrimination for Muslims in India, however the fact is that in India everyone is a minority. Everyone by the inherent nature of India anyware may find himself in a multitude of culturous people with different language or religion.
There are Dalit and Tribal chief ministres and Muslims as heads in various institutions including in sports teams and in goverment bodies.
Having said that Pakistan is a Muslim country and I do not feel anything ill will against it. I just feel that you were born out of India. You need not hate it. Its a home to millions of Muslims. People are inherently good. They help each other in times of trouble. I reckon the same exist in pakistan. Politics seperates us.
I feel that there are many friendly forces in both countries as well. India does not want to usurp Pakistan. Contrarily there are many hindus who feel grateful that formation of pakistan reduced the number of muslims in india.
There is a rich Muslim history in India and even before that existed a beautiful and rich history. An ashoka that spread the message of non violence across asia. An Akbar whose humanity was known hitherto across. A vikramaditya who gave up his vast empires to take his armies to become a jain monk. Do not hate a billion plus humanity of which many are the same Ummah.