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Noticias de Rupia | Nouvelles de Roupie | Rupiennachrichten | новости рупии | 卢比新闻  | Roepienieuws | Rupi Nyheter | ルピーニュース  | Notizie di Rupia |  PAKISTAN LEDGER | پاکستاني کھاتا  | Moin Ansari | معین آنصآرّی | DefensebriefsIntellibriefs  Translate to:   RSS feed: | RUPEE NEWS  | September 23rd, 2008 | Moin Ansari |  معین آنصآرّی | اخبار روپیہ | Several countries in the world have a navy. Very few countries have submarines. Fewer produce them. Pakistan is one of the most elite group of nations that has developed the capability to produce ships, frigates, and submarines.

After completing the third Augusta class submarine, Pakistan is now poised for the serial production of this class of Submarines. Pakistan and Turkey have planned the co-production of German technology based Turkish-Pakistani Submarines.  The German 214s will be built in Pakistan under Turkish licensing agreements.

http://rupeenews.com/2008/04/20/pakistans-indigenous-uavs-uqaab-jasoos-mukhbar/

 KARACHI, Sept 22: SM Hamza, the second indigenously built Agosta 90B submarine, will be commissioned in the Pakistan Navy on Sept 26, giving a qualitative boost to its capability to defend the country’s maritime boundaries.

This was stated by Commodore Hassan Naser Shah, general manager of the submarine construction project, and Commodore Shah Masood at a background briefing at the PN Dockyard on Monday.

The commissioning of SM Hamza was termed a historical moment because it has a special feature of air independent propulsion system which increases the diving autonomy of conventional submarines.

“It is a major breakthrough in our capabilities of defence production and today Pakistan is among one of the few countries capable of constructing submarines indigenously,” Commodore Naser Shah said.

The special feature of SM Hamza is MESMA air independent propulsion (AIP) system which increases the diving duration as compared to conventional submarines.
The AIP system has liquid oxygen and ethanol to produce electricity which is used to charge the submarine’s batteries.

SM Hamza, being commissioned after successful completion of all harbour and sea trials, will become the first submarine in the Arabian Sea with the AIP system.
This is the third submarine of Agosta 90B contract which was signed with DCNI of France in Sept 1994.

Under the contract, first Agosta 90B, PNS Khalid, was built in France and handed over to the Pakistan Navy in Dec 1999.

The second submarine PNS Saad was built at the submarine construction department at the PN Dockyard and it was commissioned in 2003.

Construction of indigenous submarine continued despite some hitches following the Sheraton Karachi bombing in which some French engineers working on the project were killed.

Hamza is the most advanced version of Agosta design. Its outer hull is light structure fabricated at the PN Dockyard in parts and mounted on the inner pressure hull.The pressure hull section was fabricated and outfitted by the PN Dockyard in collaboration with the Karachi Shipyard. Another Agosta submarine ready By Our Reporter

APPENDIX A

Turkey’s advanced submarine project goes to German companies

“Turkey will start negotiations with Germany’s Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft GmbH and Marine Force International LLP for the acquisition of six submarines” says Defense Minister Vecdi Gönül.

Turkey decided yesterday to start contract negotiations with Germany’s Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft GmbH and Marine Force International LLP (HDW/MFI) joint partnership group for the acquisition of six air-independent propulsion (AIP) submarines to be built at Turkey’s Gölcük naval shipyard at a cost of around 2.5 billion euros.

This will be the first time that Turkey includes AIP submarines in its inventory.

Turkish industrial participation in the project will be worth around 80 percent of the total value of the deal, Defense Minister Vecdi Gönül said, speaking to the press following yesterday’s meeting of the Executive Committee of the Undersecretariat for the Defense Industry (SSM).

“For the first time Turkey will receive 80 percent of the offset pledge [from a foreign competitor] in a navy project. This indicates the increased level of Turkish defense technology,” he said.

Around 20 systems and sub-systems will be produced by local Turkish industry and integrated into the submarines, he added, with the first submarine to be delivered in 2015.

DCNS (Armaris) from France and Navantia S.A. from Spain were the other competitors in the Turkish tender, announced in December 2006. The AIP 214 submarines to be acquired are in the inventories of very few countries, Gönül said, adding that those submarines stay at sea for more than 50 days, a multifold increase of the duration Turkish submarines in inventory can currently stay submerged.

The submarines will also have the capability to navigate under the sea for around 18 to 20,000 kilometers, he said. According to Gönül, guarantees that Turkey received on several technical issues, including the engineering work, played a significant role in the selection of the German company.

HDW/MFI pledged to bring the technology and infrastructure for the first vertical production of the submarines at the Gölcük shipyard.

If a contract is signed with the German company for the joint production of the AIP 214 submarines, cooperation on the production of the same type of submarines with Pakistan will also become possible, Gönül said, while answering questions.

News that Pak’s future subs will be German designs 214s,being acquired by Turkey and built under licence. Turkey will also tie up with Pak for manufacture of the same. I had proposed earlier that the IN should modernise our 4 German U-209s with the latest German sub technology,perhaps even getting another 4,apart from continuing with the Scorpenes.The German AIP fuel cell technology could be acquired for our U-209s and also a potential usage on Russian Amurs,which also have a Russian fuel cell AIP system.Had we done this,we would’ve stymied ,or at least had access to all the main conventional sub technologies (western) that might end up in the Pak navy’s subs. Pak is unlikely to select the French Scorpene/Scorpene+ sub because of India’s acquisition of Scorpene’s ,which will also in their later units have the same MESMA AIP technology.

Pak is also acquiring Turkish corvettes designs,the PNS Zarrar last Nov.
Yonca-Onuk and ASELSAN have also paired up and are in the process of designing a mini-weapons systems for the MRTP 33. It will include 4 SSM (preferably Harpoon missiles), Data Links, Short-Range air-defence missiles (ASELSAN BORA), NAVRAD, E/O Sensor, ESM, Stabilised Naval Gun System etc.

DCNS (Armaris) from France and Navantia S.A. from Spain were the other competitors in the Turkish tender, announced in December 2006. The AIP 214 submarines to be acquired are in the inventories of very few countries, Gönül said, adding that those submarines stay at sea for more than 50 days, a multifold increase of the duration Turkish submarines in inventory can currently stay submerged.

The submarines will also have the capability to navigate under the sea for around 18 to 20,000 kilometers, he said. According to Gönül, guarantees that Turkey received on several technical issues, including the engineering work, played a significant role in the selection of the German company.

HDW/MFI pledged to bring the technology and infrastructure for the first vertical production of the submarines at the Gölcük shipyard.

If a contract is signed with the German company for the joint production of the AIP 214 submarines, cooperation on the production of the same type of submarines with Pakistan will also become possible, Gönül said, while answering questions. Sontu Bharat Rakshak

APPENDIX B

MESMA vs AIP

Comparison between Scorpene AIP and U214 AIP.

First the Scorpene is feet with Diesel MESMA. The Scorpene have approximately the same autonomy than the 214 (in the paper, we will discuss about it later) and a greater autonomy than the U212 (and by far).

Diesel MESMA operates with pure oxygen and diesel (the same that the diesel engine).
Fuel Cell (FC) operates with pure oxygen and pure hydrogen.

MESMA is very easy to refuel, in all bases you have diesel fuel and it’s just necessary to have a truck to fill the submarine with oxygen.
FC AIP needs oxygen (like MESMA) but also pure Hydrogen. To refuel the submarine you need to have some quay equipment (to fill the hydride, you must provide some cold energhy, the reaction is exothermic) so the submarine can’t refuel in all bases he have just 1 base (this reduce the operational interest of the submarine)
The hydrogen must have a very very high purity 99, 9999 % (even in France this quality is difficult to find), if you don’t use this quality you will damage the hydrides (poisoning) and decrease the hydrogen capacity. Such amount of hydrogen is very difficult to provisioned an is very expensive (here we speak of many trucks)

To make this refuelling, it takes at least 2 days for the hydrogen and several hours for the oxygen (you can’t refuel in the same time hydrogen and oxygen).
For MESMA AIP, you need only several hours (5 to 7).

MESMA technologies is known since 50 years on the French nuclear submarine and all the intervention can be made on the quay and require little maintenance and it can be made by everyone. Life duration of such technology is several thousand of hours.
FC technology is very new, life duration of the fuel cell is very limited (1000 h so 4 patrols, the fuel cell run with pure oxygen, this is very bad for the life duration). This technology means that the countries who buy such a system are totally dependant of the constructor. So all the 1000 h the price of the fuel cell replacement will be several hundred of thousand dollars.

To embark 2 tons of hydrogen, it’s necessary to have at least 100 tons of hydrides (so you can remove all the lest of the submarine….Ohh what?? Greek submarine is too heavy of at least 100 tons???? It’s very strange).
This implies that the boat can not be re-equilibrated in function to his mission and operational requirement; you can’t modify the architecture of the submarine during his life duration.

To desorbs hydrogen from a metal alloy, you must provide some thermal energy (the reaction is endothermic). So the process is very slow, you cannot make what you want with the AIP. The fuel cell provides hot water to warm the hydride so the system run in closed cycle. When the hydride is almost empty, it’s very difficult to maintain the pressure necessary to feed the fuel cell, at this moment, the power of the system is reduced and you can’t run at maximum power (don’t be following….)

MESMA power is regulated with the flowrate of diesel, you just have classical pump. You can run at maximum power from the first to the last hours.

Concerning the autonomy of the fuel cell AIP HDW gives a value considering that the total amount of the hydrogen in the hydrides is consumed. In practice, the pressure will necessary remain above the feeding pressure of the fuel cell (around 2 bar) you have a big parts of the hydrogen which can’t be consumed, so submarine autonomy will be less important that what it’s proposed by HDW. Zewak: Pakistan Defnese Forum

Pakistan’s “214 Subs” made in Karachi 5th Generation Su-35 spinoffs made in China as J-11s Russia chagrined at Into-US relations doesn’t transfer Flanker Su-30 development technology to India. Builds plane itself. ———————————
Indian missile failures ——————————————
Pakistan rapidly moving beyond basic JF-17 Thunders. The J-10s J-11s and newer versions of JF-17 ———————————–
The Pakistani hawks in the sky: Y-89 AWACS ————————————
Nothing succeeds like success: Hataf, Ghauri, Babar, Abdali missiles

—————————————-
JF-17 Thunders: Designed, built and operationalized in a record time of 4 years. Custom built for Pakistani needs ——————————
Serial production of JF-17 Thunder expedited:30-50 per year to 100 per annum ——————————–
Pakistan Vision 2020 ——————————-
IAF vs PAF: Defined by IAF ————————————-
Beyond the Pakistani made JF-17 Thunder Fighter Plane, Chinese made J-10s. When will PAF acquire the J-11s
Pakistan defense based on missile nuclear deterrent hataf shaheen babar and abdali
Pakistan’s 500 Al-Khalid tanks have been in production since 2001. Newer generation tanks now being exported via IDEAS 2008 Hamza: Pakistan’s Augusta class Subs made in Karachi

Noticias de Rupia | Nouvelles de Roupie | Rupiennachrichten | новости рупии | 卢比新闻  | Roepienieuws | Rupi Nyheter | ルピーニュース  | Notizie di Rupia |  PAKISTAN LEDGER | پاکستاني کھاتا  | Moin Ansari | معین آنصآرّی | DefensebriefsIntellibriefs  Translate to:   RSS feed: | RUPEE NEWS  | September 23rd, 2008 | Moin Ansari |  معین آنصآرّی | اخبار روپیہ |